35 of her crew lost. Mined in the North Sea off Ostend, Belgium and severely damaged. Naval AP Trawler. Minesweeper. 34, Oct 16 1940,HMSDUNDALK,Minesweeper which rescued troops from Dunkirk. Bombed and sunk off Aldeburgh, Suffolk 5210N 206E / 52.167N 2.100E / 52.167; 2.100. The Kings harbour master, based in Southend, instructed her to moor at Sheerness middle sands in 10 metres of water despite having a draught of 9.45 metres and a full cargo. Minesweeper. Boom Defence Vessel,Fouled boom? 114, May 20 1944,HNLMS Marken Royal Netherlands Navy,MMS-class minesweeper. There are concerns the decaying metal masts could collapse under their own weight and fall onto the wreck below to trigger an explosion. MERCHANT SHIPS LOST IN THE THAMES ESTUARY,GO HERE. Bombed, sank, The Downs 511957N 13303E / 51.33250N 1.55083E / 51.33250; 1.55083. All 29 crew lost. 8 crew lost. "This morning is bought to me to the office the sad news of the London, in which Sir J. in her - but a little a-this-side of the buoy of the Nower, she suddenly blew up. Was rammed and sunk in the North Sea off Harwich, Essex by HMTStella Rigelwhile engaging E-boats. Boom Trawler. 19, Aug 5 1940,HMTRiver Clyde. Do Not Approach or Board This Wreck. It comes after Government officials in the House of Lords debated new ways to ensure the Second World War munitions ship remains safe last year. Torpedoed sunk off the Tongue Lightship. Mined, damaged in the North Sea 5144N 107E / 51.733N 1.117E / 51.733; 1.117 beached Brightlingsea. 13 crew rescued by HMML 145 and taken as prisoners of war. Tree-class trawler. Sheerness Balloon barrage vessel. Stunning new underwater photographs have been released showing the state of Second World War bomb wreck SS Richard Montgomery. Possibly shot down two aircraft. Bombed and sunk in the North Sea off North Foreland, Kent. Ken Rowles, 75, spent five years making a documentary about the Liberty ship and the risk its bombs pose. Mined, sunk, N of Herne Bay. Minesweeper. You can change your cookie settings at any time. All crew saved. MS policemen directing crowds of people along street. Paddle steamer. These notes are based on the Directorate General of Shipping Syllabus for the three month pre sea course for deck cadets Abstract The 'Gresham Ship' was found in Princes Channel by the Port of London Authority in 2003. Mined and sank in the Thames Estuary. Read about our approach to external linking. Read about our approach to external linking. CLICK THIS MAP to enlarge it and explore Adam Dant's Map of Shipwrecks in the Thames Estuary, which he calls THE MUSEUM OF THE DEEP. The BBC is not responsible for the content of external sites. Mined and Sunk offNorth Kent Coast. 1 crew lost. The visibility through the water in the Thames Estuary is notoriously bad - normally between 20 centimetres and a metre ahead at most. More recently, surveys have been undertaken on behalf of the MCA by contractors working under MoD supervision. Mined, sunk, N of Herne Bay. . Mined, sunk, Sheerness. ", Concerns about the explosives on board the wreck were last year raised at Westminster by Labour peer Lord Harris of Haringey, who said: "Why is the government so relaxed about thousands of such bombs and shells deteriorating together in an unstable environment, unguarded and unprotected?". 103, Oct 6 1942. 92, Mar 13 1942,SPARSHOLT,Sheerness boom mooring lighter. Read our, {{#verifyErrors}} {{message}} {{/verifyErrors}} {{^verifyErrors}} {{message}} {{/verifyErrors}}. In the Thames Estuary alonethree hundred andone ships were lost. This Thames estuary special mark, at the wreck of the Richard Montgomery, has a light but no X topmark. 73, May 5 1941,HMTFIDELIA,The boom defence vessel. Naval trawler. Work began offloading her cargo. 679215 Registered office: 1 London Bridge Street, London, SE1 9GF. Bombed and sank Harwich, Essex, at Trinity pier. This publication is available at https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/the-ss-richard-montgomery-information-and-survey-reports/ss-richard-montgomery-background-information. Bombed and sank Harwich, Essex. Mined and sank off North Foreland, Kent. The retired filmmaker and Swale Borough Councillor said: "There was always the potential danger that interfering could pose. motor launch. Mined taken under tow sank off Harwich, Essex 5157N 127E / 51.950N 1.450E / 51.950; 1.450. Sank when rammed by HMS Puffin and the Torpedoes exploded. Naval AP Drifter. 513412N 10300E / 51.57000N 1.05000E / 51.57000; 1.05000. The Save The London Campaign was set up a year ago by the Nautical Archaeology Society to raise funds to save the wreck. 82, July 7 1941,HMTLORD ST VINCENT,Navel trawler. U-boat on river Thames, London July 1918. (Harwich)Minesweeper. Minesweeper. 5 crew lost. Specialists from the Royal Navy will advise . We use some essential cookies to make this website work. Putting names to archive photos, The children left behind in Cuba's mass exodus, In photos: India's disappearing single-screen cinemas. Navel trawler. 28, Oct 7 1940,HMTREED,The naval trawler. The boom defence vessel. The London was accidentally blown up in 1665, an incident recorded by Samuel Pepys in his diary . Australia held a dominant place on day two after overturning the Indians in wild scenes within the first session. Lost off of Lowerstoft. 54, Dec 17 1940,HMTCARRY ON,Minesweeper. Kingfisher-classsloop. 56, Dec 18 1940,HMTREFUNDO, Naval Trawler. Then bombed. Mined taken under tow sank off Harwich, Essex 5157N 127E / 51.950N 1.450E / 51.950; 1.450. The Thames Estuary is a challenging environment for divers and for the wreck itself, which is also under threat from natural forces: the sediment mobility in the area and the effects of climate change, in which warm-water organisms have migrated northward with the potential to impact on wooden wrecks such as the London, leading to a noticeable . Destroyer. Mined, sank. Bombed and sunk in the North Sea off Harwich. 112, May 20 1944,HMTWyoming,Naval trawler. 40, Nov 7 1940. Get involved in exciting, inspiring conversations. Enter your password to log in. 59, Jan 3 1941,HMTNEW SPRAY,Sheerness Balloon barrage vessel. On arrival in the Thames Estuary, the vessel was directed to anchor in the Great Nore anchorage off Sheerness. The SS Richard Montgomery was an American liberty ship that sank and split in two during a storm in the Thames Estuary off Sheerness during World War Two. Both of her crew lost. The two wooden cargo vessels, known as GAD23 off Goodwin Sands in Kent and WA08 in the Thames Estuary in Essex, have been protected by scheduling which means recreational divers can dive them but their contents are protected by law and must remain in situ. At 5.30 pm Gotha bombers arrived off Southend from their base at Gontrode, Belgium, with the Thames an easy flight path to follow right to the heart of the capital, where they intended to discharge their bombs. ", She added: "I hope this reassures you that we continue to take the safety of your constituents with the utmost seriousness and that the management of the wreck of the SS Richard Montgomery remains of great importance to this Government.". Divers were again employed on site during the 2003 survey to undertake ultrasonic hull thickness analysis, and to provide an up-to-date assessment of the level of seabed support of the wreck and of the main crack at No 2 hold. 127, March 26 1945,Seehund midget submarine. 1 dead, 1 badly injured. Medway Ports is also contracted to provide and maintain a circle of buoys around the wreck to ensure that shipping avoids the area. Mined, severely damagedNE of Sheerness. Special marks Your chart or almanac will explain what these denote, but it could be: . Total loss. This list may not reflect recent changes. Dont include personal or financial information like your National Insurance number or credit card details. Hundreds of yellow Kent bricks were found aboard. All hands survived. Mined, sunk. Royal Canadian Navy,Wickes-class destroyer. Welcome to information.com.au's reside protection of day two of the third Take a look at from Holkar Cricket Stadium, Indore. 81, July 30 1941,WHITESHED,Destroyer. Mined, sunk, River Medway. 7, Dec 20 1939, HMS NAPIA, Tug. 83, Aug 7 1941,MMS 39,Minesweeper. Minesweeper. 107, Sep 25 1943,HMTDONNA NOOK,Naval trawler. The bombs - mainly for aircraft - include dozens of 'high explosive Blockbuster bombs' and around 2,000 cases of cluster bombs, along with hundreds of 'normal bombs' up to a weight of 1,000lbs each. The Albion This Thames Estuary wreck had been identified with the assistance of the remains of a musket from the site (see Redknap, this volume). Mined, damaged in the North Sea 5144N 107E / 51.733N 1.117E / 51.733; 1.117 beached Brightlingsea. (This will almost certainly be higher as research continues) 129 of these were Royal Navy vessels,172were Merchant Navy ships,plus there were five enemyMotor Torpedo boats (Schnellboot) and Seehund midget submarines. It will be compared to 2016 images to assess its condition. Bombed, sank Thames Estuary off Essex. Mined and sank in the North Sea off Clacton-on-Sea, Essex. 6 crew lost. Mined in the North Sea off Harwich, Essex and was beached. All 8 crew lost. The collided with Florizell in the North Sea off Harwich, Essex and was damaged. Divers have to descend whilst always connected to the dive boat's anchor line, as the combined lack of visibility and strength of wash from vessels going past makes it very easy to lose the wreck completely. Mined, sank off Isle of Sheppey. The wreck lies 1.2 miles off Thorpe Bay. Minesweeper. Some were made in Tilbury. Thames News' Colin Baker reports at the scene of the Shipreck SS Colin Montgomery. Basins were made into the banks of the Thames at Tilbury, 2.4m deep. 4 crew lost. Torpedoed and sunk by midget submarineoff Ramsgate. Sir J Lawson hath a great loss in this, of so many good chosen men, and many relations among them.". Thames and has powers to carry out dredging works accordingly. BPB 60 foot class motor torpedo boat. 11 crew lost. 62, Jan 14 1941,HMSFITZROY,Hunt-class minesweeper. Nov 25, 2013. What science tells us about the afterlife. "I do understand, though, that any work of this nature carries risk. The signs state Danger Unexploded Ammunition. It went down in about 1862. To help us improve GOV.UK, wed like to know more about your visit today. 2 crew lost. The contract to cut the wreck's masts is intended to be awarded in September. RM BRAK1R - Aerial image of Southend Pier, the longest pleasure pier in the world, and estuary of the River Thames, Southend-on-Sea, Essex. 74, June 4 1941,HMS VAN MEERLANT,AA convoy leader. 13 crew rescued by HMML 145 and taken as prisoners of war. A mystery wreck labeled "5051", just south of Canvey Island. Fairmile B motor launch. Going back in time the Anglo Saxon Chronicles mention a ship wreck in the Estuary in 893-4. Detonated a mine and sank in the North Sea off the coast of Essex in vicinity of Stad Maastricht. Mined and sank off Felixtowe. This site is protected by reCAPTCHA and the Google Privacy Policy and Terms of Service apply. FY3304,Naval trawler. The collided with Florizell in the North Sea off Harwich, Essex and was damaged. He . Mined in the North Sea off Harwich, Essex and was beached. . On arrival in the Thames Estuary, the vessel was directed to anchor in the Great Nore anchorage off Sheerness. 10, June 2 1940,HMTBLACKBURN ROVERS,Minesweeper,mine and sank in the North Sea 24 l miles east by south of North Foreland, Kent. Anti submarine trawler, 550 tons. In 2013, a hull thickness survey was repeated. The operation was filmed for the BBC and took four months, using a dozen divers who used 3D survey equipment to locate the wrecks in near-zero visibility. Travelled back to Harwich stern first. BPB 70 foot-class motor torpedo boat. Minesweeper. 6 crew lost. "The estimated value is a somewhat fluid figure from 100,000 to 4 million.". Mined, sunk off Burnham-on-Crouch, Essex. Naval trawler. Minesweeper. Many of these were sunk with the loss of life! Minesweeper. We abide by the Editors Code of Practice and are committed to upholding the highest standards of journalism. Mined and sunk off Orfordness. The SS Richard Montgomery's explosive cargo has lain on the bed of the Thames Estuary for 77 years. RF 2EH6H0J - LONDON, UK - July 03, 2013. Minesweeper. 15, July 27 1940,HMSWren,W-class destroyer. It was part of a convoy travelling to the UK in August 1944 and then onto recently liberated Cherbourg in France after the D-Day Landings, but when it arrived in the Thames Estuary, it was instructed to anchor in the Great Nore, off Sheerness, Kent. 30, Oct 11 1940,HMYAISHA,Naval yacht. Emergency wreck buoys. The wreck, which was rediscovered in 2005, lies in two parts in the Thames estuary off Southend Pier. Thames Estuary, Essex This well-preserved wreck of a mid- to late-19th century wooden cargo ship (38 metres long and 9 metres wide) was discovered in 2016 during a routine survey by the Port of London Authority. Minesweeper. 16, July 28 1940,HMTSTAUNTON,Minesweeper. Each email has a link to unsubscribe. Royal Netherlands Navy,MMS-class minesweeper. But any dreams of recovering chests of gold or well-preserved cannons were not realised. 22, Aug 12 1940,HMT PYROPE,Minesweeper. 3 crew lost,3 wounded. 78, July 1 1941,HMTDEVON COUNTY,Navel trawler. This account already exists. 513412N 10300E / 51.57000N 1.05000E / 51.57000; 1.05000. The reedbeds are now a case study for the Estuary Edges project, run by Thames Estuary Partnership (TEP), the Port of London Authority (PLA) and the Environment Agency (EA), supported and advised by a range of private companies. 2023 BBC. UC-5 was later taken to the USA and put on display in Central Park, New York. "If anything was ever going to happen, this would be it. Navel trawlerharbour defence. "My officials are working closely with their counterparts in the Ministry of Defence to address and mitigate as much of the risk as possible. Sunk by Kriegsmarine surface ships in the Dover Strait. 128, April 7 1945,HMMTB494,BPB 72'-class motor torpedo boat. Puffin was severely damaged taken in to Harwich, Essex. The Thames Estuary 2100 Plan will ensure we continue to protect 1.42 million people, 321 billion worth of property and vital infrastructure from increasing tidal flood risk. SHIPS WERE LOST IN THE THAMES ESTUARY DURING WORLD WAR TWO 1939 - 1945. The controversial US oil plan explained, Isabel Oakeshott terminates interview over Hancock leak clash, Trio of Americans who tried to smuggle drugs through Heathrow jailed, Need to frighten the pants off public with new Covid strain, said Hancock, Sunak and Hancock complained of nightmare Dominic Cummings. Mined, sunk off the Isle of Sheppey, Kent. The Maritime and Coastguard Agency, which monitors the condition of the wreck and carries out regular surveys, said at the time that the risk of a major explosion was "believed to be remote". 4 crew lost. Frank Pope, the marine archaeologist who led the research, said: "This is the first time it's been done on this scale on the Thames, clearing to such depths - down to 16 metres - to get at ships this big." 2, Nov 13 1939,HMS ADVENTURER, Mine laying cruiser, Mined and severely damaged. Sunk in collision Gravesend reach Thames. 2 crew lost. The SS Richard Montgomery is a WW2 Liberty Ship that was wrecked on a sandbank in the Thames Estuary 1 mile north of Sheerness . Mined, sank North Sea 30 nautical miles (56km) north east of North Foreland, Kent. 129, April 7 1945,HMMTB5001,Fairmile D (modified) motor torpedo boat. The following 12 pages are in this category, out of 12 total. 5118N 0154E / 51.300N 1.900E / 51.300; 1.900. She was taken in to Sheerness, Kent. Was rammed and sunk in the North Sea off Harwich, Essex by HMTStella Rigelwhile engaging E-boats. Tug. The BBC is not responsible for the content of external sites. While the majority of her cargo had been offloaded it is thought that about 1,400 tons still remains in the forward holds. Mined, sunk east of the Nore Sand Lightship. To inquire about a licence to reproduce material, visit our Syndication site. 17 crew lost, 3 wounded. Sank in the North Sea 5145N 110E / 51.750N 1.167E / 51.750; 1.167. 61, Jan 8 1941,STRATHEARN,Lighthouse tender. By clicking the sign-up button you agree to our Privacy Policy. 66, Feb 5 1941,TOURMALINE,Harwich A/S trawler. German E-boat. Navel trawler. 25, Sep 24 1940,HMTLOCH INVER,Minesweeper,Mined, sank off Harwich, Essex. 11 crew lost. 2 crew lost. A car crashed at a level crossing and careered onto railway tracks, damaging a train and causing a line to London to shut for two hours. Mined, sunk north of Sheerness. Rammed and sunk in the North Sea by SchnellbootS 176. GitHub export from English Wikipedia. Construction was completed to full height while they were afloat. Minesweeper. GAD23 is also known as the Bowsprit wreck because the long spar which runs out of the sailing ship's bow is still visible. Mined, Sunk 1 mile off Tongue lightship, 6 crew lost. Out of her complement of 750, only 14 sailors survived, two of whom . Find the perfect helicopter pics stock photo, image, vector, illustration or 360 image. In a collision off Harwich with MTB 729. The wreck provides archaeological evidence of the documented practice of 'furring' (rebuilding a ship to increase its . 2 crew lost, 8 injured. Shelled and sunk in the North Sea by Kriegsmarine surface vessels in the North Sea. A Mulberry Harbour, part of the government project in World War II to allow the allies to. Investigations culminated in the recovery in 2004 of the remains of a small to medium-sized armed merchant ship built soon after 1574, probably in East Anglia or Essex. The oldest recorded is that of H.M.S. 124, Feb 24 1945,HMSALERT 2,Cable layer. Mined and sank in the Thames Estuary. The "Gresham Ship": an interim report on a 16th-century wreck from Princes Channel, Thames Estuary. High-resolution multibeam sonar surveys of the wreck have been undertaken on a regular basis since 2002. 41, Nov 1 1940,HMT TILBURY NESS. There was an imposing occurrence also, during the funeral procession of Sir Walter Scott to Dryburgh. Fairmile D (modified) motor torpedo boat. Mined and sank North Sea off the coast of Essex. Sunk by Kriegsmarine surface ships in the Dover Strait. A Second World War Hurricane fighter plane could be rebuilt after being unearthed almost 80 years since crashing near the Thames Estuary. Mined and sunk in the North Sea, reported position 52 15N /001 48.3E. Bright red danger buoys were carefully removed last Thursday to be cleaned of grime and will prove all the more important to warn passing ships when the landmark masts are chopped off. 125, March 14 1945,HMT Moravia (FY1819)Minesweeper. Mined, sunk north of Sheerness. Seven fire engines called to West Malling house blaze, Golden Arrow steams through Kent to Canterbury, CCTV images released following theft of catalytic convertor from Tunbridge Wells driveway, Cannabis cultivation unearthed in Chatham town centre, 5 unusual Kent properties currently up for auction including seafront house, former pumping station and river, Historic ocean treaty agreed after decade of talks, China looks at reforms to deepen Xi's control, Inside the enclave surrounded by pro-Russia forces, 'The nurses wanted me to feel guilty about my abortion, From Afghan TV fame to a US factory floor. Thames Estuary,5139N 217E / 51.650N 2.283E / 51.650; 2.283,77 crew lost. Oldest find: HMS London, which sank in 1665, at the bottom of the Thames Estuary, A computer simulation of how the warship HMS London would have looked, SS Letchworth was sunk by the Luftwaffe in 1940, Dive, dive, dive: marine archaeologist Frank Pope led the research during which divers also found the SS Letchworth. 43, Nov 11 1940,HMT STELLA ORION,Minesweeper. The half-submerged wreck, just 2 kilometres from land, still has . Collision, sunk Thames Estuary. Rammed and sank a German Seehund midget submarine. 2 crew lost. Mined, sunk, North Sea. Naval trawler. 12, June 12 1940,HMTSISAPON,Minesweeper. A. historian says he is a "nervous wreck" about plans to cut off the masts of a sunken WW2 cargo ship laden with explosives jutting out of the River Thames. Minesweeper. 6 of her crew lost. Mined , sunk, Thames Estuary. It was collected by Charles II from Sweden during the Restoration. 121, Feb 22 1945,HMSLCVP-707,Landing Craft Vehicle Personnel. Then bombed. Bombed, sank inthe Swale. Bombed and sank Harwich, Essex, at Trinity pier. 132, April 10 1945,HMML102,motor launch. 5 crew lost. Mined and sank off North Foreland, Kent. The Tories have created a minister for London and a minister for the Thames Estuary, why not a minister for the North? 2 crew lost. THE rusting wreckage of a World War II munitions ship is to be removed over fears that if its deadly cargo exploded it would cause a tsunami. Bombed, sunk, East Oaze Buoy in the Thames Estuary. was at Dunkirk. Some remedial work to trim the rigging and such from the masts (above the water line) was undertaken in October 1999, with the aim of reducing stress levels. The Coastal and Maritime Agency have been in discussions with a view to having the three mast removed. Your town in your pocket. Harwich A/S trawler. 48, Nov 22 1940,22 ML 127,Fairmile B motor launch. Like something out of a modern day disaster movie, things then took an even more . Naval trawler. Rammed and sunk in the North Sea by SchnellbootS 176. But 1,400 tonnes of explosives still remain on the wreck and an exclusion zone in place around it after experts warned that if the wreck exploded it would cause a tsunami which would threaten people in the nearby port of Sheerness, Kent as well as Southend in Essex. Minesweeper. You must be at least 18 years old to create an account, Must be at least 6 characters, include an upper and lower case character and a number, I would like to be emailed about offers, events and updates from Evening Standard. To see all content on The Sun, please use the Site Map. All crew lost. Mined and sank off Felixtowe. 120, Jan 16 1945,HMSLST-415,Landing Ship, Tank, Mk.2. The Telegraph reports a crack team of bomb disposal experts trained in specialist underwater demolitions have now been tasked with making the 1944 wreck, on the Nore sandbank in the Thames Estuary . Bombed and sunk at Lowestoft, Suffolk. This rare well preserved partially intact wooden sailing ship remains an unexplained mystery. Aerial view of Tower Bridge and Canary Wharf on the River Thames, Central London. Torpedoed, sunk east of Ramsgate. Motor Torpedo boat. Historic England's maritime archaeologist Hefin Meara said: "Information given to us by Steve Ellis is that the propellers of the big heavy shipping are having an adverse effect. The wreck lies across the tide close to the Medway Approach Channel and her masts are clearly visible above the water at all states of the tide. 21, Aug 12 1940,HMT TAMARISK,Bombed, SunkNorth of Margate. V & W-class destroyer. Its chief executive Mark Beattie-Edwards said their "dream" was for the ship and its artefacts to be housed in a permanent museum in Southend. was at Dunkirk. A yearly survey is commissioned by the Maritime and Coastguard Agency to assess the risk of the protected wreck's explosive-ridden cargo. All crew saved. All 13 crew lost. The exclusion zone is defined by the following co-ordinates: Medway Ports is contracted by the Maritime and Coastguard Agency (MCA) to mark and guard the wreck. Mined and sunk off Harwich. Sector developments. Click here to book tickets. Evidence suggests that the . 14, July 24 1940,HMTFLEMING. 23 crew lost. The Salvage and Marine Operations Team also require the sunken ship to be surveyed, maintained and parts to be salvaged on behalf of the Department for Transport. However, on the 20 August 1944, she dragged her anchor in the shallow water and grounded on a sandbank, running east from the Isle of Grain approximately 250 metres north of the Medway Approach Channel. Mined, sank off Aldeburgh, Suffolk. 13, June 14 1940,HMT MYRTLE. Collision, sunk Thames Estuary. 4 crew lost. The ship masts are clearly visible above the water during all levels of tide. Emergency wreck marking buoys. MTB 106,Motor Torpedo Boat. 95, July 9 1942,MGB 14,5th Motor Gun Boat Flotilla. Harwich examination drifter. This page is all about what fish come off them wrecks in the thames it takes time to learn how to crack it no 2 wrecks fish the same Thames Estuary wreck fishing But 1,400 . A series of sonar surveys were undertaken in order to form a baseline model of the changes to the wreck and the seabed. Samuel Pepys wrote about the ship in his diary. The wreck remains where it sank. W-class destroyer. Mined and sank North Sea off the coast of Essex. It sank with the loss of 300 lives when it was blown up accidentally after a sailor is thought to have taken a candle belowships. Minesweeper. The vessels, in the Thames Estuary, are just some of about 1,100 ships which went down in the whole of the river. Fascinated visitors to the Thames Estuary location see the masts of the submerged ship poking out from the choppy water, knowing that beneath the surface lies 1,400 tonnes of explosives. When is Eurovision and how do you get tickets? The Government has now issued an official contract notice to advertise the daring job with interested small or medium enterprises (SMEs) given until November 30 to bid for the tender. Mine and sank in Dover Strait. (Skipper W. S. Hawes RNR)Minesweeper. Mined and sunk 5.75 nautical miles bearing 275 of Aldeburgh, Suffolk.

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