d. modern sexism. Stereotypes are the beliefs associated with social categories. a. children's readers and picture books. In 2013, ______ of Americans eighteen- to twenty-nine-year-olds supported interracial marriage. Prejudices can be difficult to change despite contradicting evidence. d. all of the above. Sociologist Eduardo Bonilla-Silva argues that An example of a superordinate goal would be two individuals who want to move a heavy couch out of their apartment. Chapter 2: Social Learning and Social Cognition, Chapter 5: Attitudes, Behavior, and Persuasion, Chapter 11: Working Groups: Performance and Decision Making, Chapter 12: Stereotypes, Prejudice, and Discrimination, Chapter 13: Competition and Cooperation in Our Social Worlds, Figure 12.6 Current Stereotypes Held by College Students, Next: 12.2 Ingroup Favoritism and Prejudice, Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International License. Eagly, A. H., & Steffen, V. J. More than three-quarters of the nearly 59 million immigrants admitted to the United States since 1965 have been from d. Neither of the above, The birth congratulations card study found that Because Asian students are aware of the stereotype that Asians are good at math, reminding them of this fact before they take a difficult math test can improve their performance on the test (Walton & Cohen, 2003). The point at which variable costs equal fixed costs. d. benevolent sexism and hostile sexism. d. social role theory. B. Healthy-minded individuals can be coerced into demonstrating unlikely behaviors. A researcher examines the differences in assimilation rates of new immigrants in the United States vs. Europe. I then propose that what has allowed both 'armchair' and 'experimental' participants in the . . On the other hand, sometimes these beliefs are negative, and they create negative self-fulfilling prophecies such that we perform more poorly just because of our knowledge about the stereotypes. A. d. a and b, Older women who appear on TV are often depicted: Which group has the highest rate of hypertension? Although in some cases the stereotypes that are used to make judgments might actually be true of the individual being judged, in many other cases they are not. C) Social categorization is an automatic and unconscious process. Taylor, S. E., Fiske, S. T., Etcoff, N. L., & Ruderman, A. J. d. as successful and assertive. Social Psychology Quarterly, 71(1), 1216. b. require welfare recipients to work. c. discrimination. a. Categorization is an ability that begins to develop at the age of 5 in humans. Stangor, C., & Duan, C. (1991). men earned the money, while ___ percent expressed this view in 2002. Similar effects occur when we categorize other people. (1993). New York, NY: Doubleday. Classification and quantitative judgment. 0 Wishlist. but that reflect a more negative connotation for the female term. relationships and domestic topics. 5 c. projection. 182222). Aboud, F. E., & Doyle, A.-B. Which of the following minority groups is the largest? d. Racism resides in the individual conscience only. C. The point at which sales revenue equals contribution margin. b. a. Daniel Patrick Moynihan In these situations, there is a discrepancy between our positive concept of our skills and abilities and the negative stereotypes suggesting poor performance. c. Cubans In some cases, these beliefs may be positive, and they have the effect of making us feel more confident and thus better able to perform tasks. Some popular music lyrics contain explicit sexual references which often are degrading to Mexicans in cities like Los Angeles and San Antonio end up living in segregated, high-poverty communities in which institutions, such as schools, have inferior resources and foster low expectations of their students; this situation may facilitate the categorization of Mexicans as a race. Which group of Americans has the highest college graduation rate? Race and ethnicity shape internal and external perceptions of a group. d. institutional racism. Aronson, J., Lustina, M. J., Good, C., Keough, K., & Steele, C. M. (1999). d. Latin America or Asia. 2 You believe that reality TV is for morons but are addicted to American Idol and watch every episode. d. Donald Trump's presidency is seen as a new era of overt racism. This is of course another example of the general principle of assimilationwe tend to perceive the world in ways that make it fit our existing beliefs more easily than we change our beliefs to fit the reality around us. Do you think the cultural stereotypes about your group have ever influenced your performance on a task. 2 The confederates were all adults. For instance, in one version of the IAT, participants are shown pictures of men and women and also shown words related to gender stereotypes (e.g., strong, leader, or powerful for men and nurturing, emotional, or weak for women). See the answer. Men find it easier to excel in leadership positions, whereas women have to work hard to overcome the false beliefs about their lack of leadership abilities (Phelan & Rudman, 2010). b. Categorization is frequently based on easily identifiable attributes. d. Native Americans, Which group has lived in the United States longer than all other immigrant groups besides Anglo-Saxons, yet faces the segregation and poverty that was only a transitional phase for the other groups? Rules Sara Baker, Ori Friedman, Alan M. Leslie (sbaker@ruccs.rutgers.edu) Cognitive development in the preschool years is characterized by diminishing impulsivity in thought and action. c. multiculturalism. 2 He made a dispositional attribution. Once the participants are convinced that the researcher is able to assess their true attitudes, it is expected that they will be more honest in answering the rest of the questions they are asked because they want to be sure that the researcher does not catch them lying. This is an example of a. Linnaeus assumed that each subgroup c. In explaining racial inequality between Blacks and whites, class disadvantages are more significant than racism. We begin to respond to members of stereotyped categories as if we already knew what they were like. Even when we think we are being completely fair, we may nevertheless be using our stereotypes to condone discrimination (Chen & Bargh, 1999). 4 His remark is considered a collectivistic remark. Yzerbyt, V., Schadron, G., Leyens, J., & Rocher, S. (1994). c. Few whites benefit from white privilege. c. The availability of social support decreases our ability to cope successfully with change. xiyi132735411514. William Julius Wilson has argued that for the United States to bridge the Black-white gap in inequality, the federal government would need to B. practicing discrimination Similarly, when stereotypes are activated, children with low socioeconomic status perform more poorly in math than do those with high socioeconomic status, and psychology students perform more poorly than do natural science students (Brown, Croizet, Bohner, Fournet, & Payne, 2003). b. Ostrom, T. M., & Sedikides, C. (1992). worship-and-biblical-worldview-theo-104. Im sure youve had this experience yourself, when you found yourself thinking or saying, Oh, them, theyre all the same!. Just as White people used fewer piles of traits to describe Blacks than Whites, young people used fewer piles of traits to describe elderly people than they did young people, and students used fewer piles for members of other universities than they did for members of their own university. a. Lawrence Bobo b. still show more male characters than female characters in basic readers and math materials Which of the following statements concerning women's participation in sports is/are true? b. prey on women's insecurities to get them to buy advertiser's products. a. modern sexism. d. 75 percent, Blacks account for roughly ______ of the U.S. population and ______ of chief executives. External situations have no effect on one's personality characteristics. A man cuts in front of the line and drops his items on the counter. Consequences of automatic evaluation: Immediate behavioral predispositions to approach or avoid the stimulus. d. 26 percent; 18 percent. This is an example of He decides not to rent his house to the first applicant simply because he is Arab American and rents it to the second applicant, who is white. c. racializing. b. cultural factors Journal of Experimental Social Psychology, 27(4), 357378. a. create massive numbers of jobs. Which of the following statements concerning prejudice is not true? 1 The task difficulty was increased. a. stereotyping. b. African Americans If you found yourself lost in a city, you might look for a police officer or a taxi driver to help you find your way. We tend to see people who belong to the same social group as more similar than they actually are, and we tend to judge people from different social groups as more different than they actually are. 3 behavioral In this procedure, the experimenter first convinces the participants that he or he has access to their true beliefs, for instance, by getting access to a questionnaire that they completed at a prior experimental session. Which of the following statements is true? What do social psychologists call the tendency to rely on internal characteristics for explanations? Give one example of a superordinate goal. d. had qualities of behavior or temperament that were innate and could not be altered. His categorization revolves around the premises discussed in the deductions as well as the conditions required for arguments to prove them correct. Anxiety and depressive disorders are related through comorbidity and shared risk factors. What term would be used to characterize her argument? "People stereotype females as communal and males as agentic because they have observed a. f(x)=x28x+20. The belief that male behaviors, roles, and experiences are the standards for society is known as You can see that an interaction that began at individual level, as two individuals conversing, has now turned to the group level, in which John has begun to consider himself as a man, and Sarah has begun to consider herself as a woman. Which of the following is not true of Ann Hopkins' legal battle? a. there are no differences in the stereotypes applied to working-class and middle-class women. a. Racism is no longer a significant problem for Blacks. Stereotype threat is created in situations that pose a significant threat to self-concern, such that our perceptions of ourselves as important, valuable, and capable individuals are threatened. a. only prejudiced people will discriminate. Sarah feels that her positions are correct, and she believes they are true not only for her but for women in general. Ann Hopkins' case is an example of: This shows that c. Asian Americans which of the following statements concerning social categorization is correct?broward summer school schedule. Study with Quizlet and memorize flashcards containing terms like The study of neuroendocrinology examines how the brain and ________ work together to coordinate the physiological functioning of the body., According to one model, stress is the result of systemic activation of the hypothalamus, the pituitary gland, and the ________. Although Anthony, an African American, was more productive at work than Francisco, a Hispanic American, Anthony was given a raise but not Francisco because the owner believed that Hispanic Americans are better workers than African Americans. Which statement about Theodor Adorno's research would Adorno most agree with? c. "The average student does his homework every night." c. Some Hispanics are white and some Hispanics are nonwhite. Controlling urges and selecting the appropriate response are A. c. Hispanics d. 94; 62, Cross-cultural research on ambivalent sexism showed that: Along with crystallized intelligence (Gc), domain-specific knowledge (Gkn) is an important ability within the nomological net of acquired knowledge. c. 74; 42 morris minor cars for sale in arkansas; treasure inside jokes 0 Home. Think of a task that one of the social groups to which you belong is considered to be particularly good (or poor) at. Therefore, he does Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 73(2), 229241. Washington, DC: American Psychological Association. Which of the following is not an example of masculine generic language? d. Ms. Jane Collins-Sullivan, Currently, about ___ percent of college-educated brides do not take their husband's last name. Alex says to his friend, "That man is incredibly rude." I start with some of the early challenges to the widely-employed philosophical method of casesthe very challenges that originally prompted the new movement of experimental philosophyand with some fundamental questions about the method that are yet to have been given satisfying answers.

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