[70] He was described as being a "benign authoritarian. [85] Hussein inherited the throne to a young Kingdom, whose neighbors questioned its legitimacy, along with the Jordanian-controlled West Bank. [10] "I did not need to open it to know that my days as a schoolboy were over," Hussein later wrote in his memoirs. [87], In 1977, Bob Woodward of The Washington Post reported that King Hussein received funds from the CIA for 20 years. Hussein I of Jordan. [20] Jordanian and Syrian forces clashed in March along the border. [73] Hussein received a standing ovation at the ceremony and praise from Clinton for interrupting his treatment and coming over.[73]. [23] Sadiq Al-Shar'a, an army general who accompanied Hussein to the United States, was found to have been plotting a coup against the monarchy. [13] The coinciding events in Egypt had Jordanian leftist opposition parties leaning greatly towards Nasser. [37] On 13 October Hussein signed an agreement with Arafat to regulate the fedayeen's presence,[37] but the Jordanian army attacked again in January 1971. However, Nabulsi then presented an expanded list, which Hussein refused to act upon. [34] Israel's air superiority on the first day of war proved decisive. Jordan's government has accused former crown prince Hamzah bin Hussein, the half-brother of the country's ruler King Abdullah II, of plotting to "destabilize" the country. [31] Perception of King Hussein's efforts to come to peaceful terms with Israel led to great dissatisfaction among some Arab leaders. The king's life was in constant peril and he survived more than a handful of harrowing attempts to bring his reign to an untimely end. A few months into his imprisonment, the King personally gave Shubeilat, his fiercest critic, a ride home from the Swaqa prison. [90] The price of establishing peace with Israel in 1994 he had to pay domestically, with mounting Jordanian opposition to Israel concentrating its criticism on the King. King Hussein believed in keeping peace and opposed war since he believed it was pointless. [44] Sadat informed Al-Rifai that he had been planning a limited incursion in the Sinai that would allow some political manoeuvring. [48] The Accords formed the peace treaty between Egypt and Israel, and allowed the withdrawal of Israel from the Sinai. said the King, 'They can fly lower!' Height in Feet: 5 3 . [61] By 28 February 1991 the international coalition had successfully cleared Iraqi forces from Kuwait.[61]. The 23-year-old prince has a heart that beats for the youth of his kingdom. [79] On 4 February, and at his request, he was flown to Jordan where he arrived in a coma. [50] Around the same time, Hussein became troubled after he heard that Israel had been selling American weapons to Iran, thereby lengthening the conflict between Iraq and Iran, both supporters of the PLO. Rajwa, 28, is the youngest daughter of Saudi businessman Khalid bin Musaed bin Saif bin Abdulaziz al-Saif and his wife, Azza bint Nayef Abdulaziz Ahmed al-Sudairi. Jordans ruler from 1953 to 1999 who is credited with modernizing his country. In this biography, the author tells how Hussein managed not only to survive but to flourish in the half-century that followed. [55], A UN-brokered ceasefire became active in July 1988, ending the Iran-Iraq war. This will definitely open the door for questioning Islam and indulging in arguments about the Sahaba of the Prophet. [63] The 28-member delegation consisted of 14 Jordanians and 14 Palestinians. "[67] Jordanian authorities requested Netanyahu to provide an antidote to save Mashal's life, but Netanyahu refused to do so. [37] Acting as a state within a state, the fedayeen disregarded local laws and regulations, and even attempted to assassinate King Hussein twice, leading to violent confrontations between them and the Jordanian army. Avi Shlaim's Lion of Jordan: The Life of King Hussein in War and Peace is the first major account one of the most important figures in the turbulent history of the Middle East. "[31] Hussein travelled to Cairo on 30 May 1967 and hastily signed an Egyptian-Jordanian mutual defense treaty, returning home to cheering crowds. [63] When Hussein went back healed to Jordan, he received a hero's welcome a third of Jordan's population filled the streets to greet him. [26] His secret rapprochement with Israel was followed by a public rapprochement with Egyptian President Gamal Abdel Nasser in 1964, which bolstered Hussein's popularity both in Jordan and in the Arab world. Hussein bin Talal (Arabic: Husayn bin Tall) (November 14, 1935 - February 7, 1999) was born in Amman to Prince Talal bin Abdullah and Princess Zein al-Sharaf bint Jamil, of the royal Hashemite family. He became the second Arab Head of State to recognize Israel in 1994 and years later he was invited to give a speech during the funeral of Israeli Prime Minister Yitzhak Rabin. That really aged me rapidly. The crown prince has already had helicopter training and holds a high rank in the Jordanian Armed Forces after training at the King Abdullah . [12] Palestinian fighters (fedayeen, meaning self-sacrificers) used Jordanian-controlled territory to launch attacks against Israel, sometimes provoking heavy retaliation. He was born on November 14, 1935 and his birthplace is Amman, Jordan. Hussein's demise was "a single bullet away," mused Ben-Gurion, after one of many plots in Amman was foiled. [58] The National Charter was drafted and ratified by parliament in 1991. [38] After failing to capture Yasser Arafat, the PLO leader, Israeli forces withdrew or were repulsed, but not before destroying the Karameh camp[39] and sustaining relatively high casualties. [13] The King had requested Nabulsi, as prime minister, to crack down on the Communist Party and the media it controlled. RIYADH: Jordan's royal court on Wednesday announced the engagement of the country's Crown Prince Hussein bin Abdullah to Saudi national Rajwa Khaled bin Musaed bin Saif bin Abdulaziz Al-Saif.. Birthday: November 14, 1935 ( Scorpio) Born In: Amman, Jordan 22 9 Emperors & Kings #131 Historical Personalities #135 Quick Facts Also Known As: Hussein bin Talal, Hussein bin Talal bin Abdullah bin Hussein Died At Age: 63 Family: Spouse/Ex-: Alia Baha ed din Touqan, Antoinette Avril Gardiner, Lisa Halaby father: King Talal bin Abdullah In 1993 she met Prince Abdullah II bin al-Hussein of Jordan at a party, and the two were married six months later. Hussein of Jordan, King of Jordan. He was at the Summit of the Peacemakers with politicians like Bill Clinton. Hussein bin Talal ( Arabic: , Al-usayn ibn all; 14 November 1935 - 7 February 1999) was King of Jordan from 11 August 1952 until his death in 1999. "[32] In a meeting with American officials, Hussein, sometimes with tears in his eyes, said: "The growing split between the East Bank and the West Bank has ruined my dreams," and, "There is near despair in the army and the army no longer has confidence in me. [64] Consequently, the IAF's seats decreased from 34 to 21 seats out of 80. Crown Prince Hussein's fiance was raised in the Kingdom. [50] Subsequent talks between the PLO and Jordan collapsed after the PLO refused to make concessions; in a speech Hussein announced that "after two long attempts, I and the government of Jordan hereby announce that we are unable to continue to coordinate politically with the PLO leadership until such time as their word becomes their bond, characterized by commitment, credibility and constancy. [88] Whereas in 1950 water, sanitation, and electricity were available to only 10% of Jordanians, at the end of his rule these had reached 99% of the population. Twenty minutes later, another explosion went off;[25] it was intended for Hussein as it was expected he would run to the scene, which he did he was a few minutes late. [31], On 5 June 1967 the Six-Day War began after an Israeli strike wiped out Egypt's Air Force. [52] It called for Jordan rather than the PLO to represent the Palestinians; however, when Schultz contacted Hussein about the plan, he reversed his position and told him it was a matter for the PLO to decide. Hussein bin Talal (Arabic: , Al-usayn ibn all; 14 November 1935 - 7 February 1999) reigned as King of Jordan from 11 August 1952 until his death.According to Hussein, he was a 40th-generation direct descendant of Muhammad as he belonged to the Hashemite family which has ruled Jordan since 1921.. Hussein was born in Amman as the eldest child of Talal bin . (YouTube screenshot). "[22] The Israelis preferred that Hussein remained in power, rather than a Nasserist regime. Hussein was 24 years old and recently divorced when he met Cabot, who gained moderate fame in the . He died on February 7, 1999, Amman, Jordan. [61] In late August and early September Hussein visited twelve Western and Arab capitals in an effort to promote a peaceful resolution. She gained worldwide fame after she married King Hussein, in 1978. [67] The two agents were then held by the Jordanian police, while the six other agents hid in the Israeli embassy. King Hussein of Jordan was born on November 14, 1935 (age 63) in Amman, Jordan. At home, 1998 was a difficult year for Jordanians: GDP growth had slowed considerably and could not keep pace with an accelerating population growth. [67] He travelled to the Israeli town of Beit Shemesh to offer his condolences to the grieving families of the Israeli children killed. [73] Encouraged by his presence, the two leaders agreed to resolve their difficulties. [2] A Palestinian assassin opened fire on Abdullah and his grandson, amid rumours that the King had been planning to sign a peace treaty with the newly established state of Israel. [32] President Nasser of Egypt denounced Hussein as an "imperialist lackey. [61] Hussein's position in the international community was severely affected, so severe that he privately discussed his intention to abdicate. King Hussein of Jordan: On A Knife Edge is the second of a two-part series telling the story of Jordan's King from 1952 to his death in 1999. [34] Jordanian Hawker Hunters made sorties but were destroyed by Israel when they went to refuel; Syria's and Iraq's air forces followed. [63] Hussein was referred to the Mayo Clinic in the United States after having urological problems; he had his left kidney removed after tests showed his ureter contained precancerous cells. [7] Hussein's maternal grandmother, Widjan Hanim, was the daughter of Shakir Pasha who was the Ottoman governor of Cyprus. She attended Syracuse University. His Majesty King Abdullah on Thursday laid the foundation stone for the King Hussein Cancer Centre's (KHCC) King Abdullah II ibn Al Hussein Building Disagreements between the monarchy and the leftist government culminated in March 1957 when Nabulsi provided Hussein with a list of senior officers in the military he wanted to dismiss; Hussein initially heeded the recommendations. [46] Hussein only discussed with Meir what both already knew, that the Syrian army was on alert. [71] He was given six courses of chemotherapy for his lymph gland cancer over a five-month period. [50] Hussein made a little-known attempt to heal the rift between the two Ba'ath regimes of Iraq and Syria in April 1986. This is all there is to seek in this world. [59] Hussein had advised Saddam after 1988 to polish his image in the West by visiting other countries, and by appearing at the United Nations for a speech, but to no avail. [35] Nasser and Hussein, recognizing their defeat, sought to work together towards a more moderate stance. He died at the age of 63 from cancer in 1999 and was succeeded by his eldest son, Abdullah II. [67] Two Mossad agents followed Mashal to his office and injected poison into his ears, but they were caught by Mashal's bodyguard. [61] But Western pundits viewed Hussein's actions as impulsive and emotional, claiming that he could have dampened Jordanian public support for Iraq through better leadership. [65] Hussein's popularity in Israel had peaked after the peace treaty was signed, and he was expected to express support for a candidate. [88] Social indicators reflect King Hussein's successes. [72] Samih Batikhi, the director of the General Intelligence Directorate (mukhabarat), visited Hussein during his stay at the Mayo Clinic to keep him updated. [20] It also emerged in Jordan that the UAR was planning to overthrow both Hashemite monarchies in July 1958. After completing secondary school. [2], Hussein's grandfather, King Abdullah I, the founder of modern Jordan, did not see in his two sons Talal and Nayef potential for kingship, and therefore he focused his efforts on the upbringing of his grandson Hussein. [25] He was later pardoned and released after Hussein received a plea from the cook's daughter. Abdullah assigned Hussein a private tutor for extra Arabic lessons,[9] and Hussein acted as interpreter for his grandfather during his meetings with foreign leaders, as Abdullah understood English but could not speak it. [29] The incident drew fierce local criticism of Hussein amid feelings he had been betrayed by the Israelis; Hussein also suspected that Israel had changed its attitude towards Jordan and had intended to escalate matters in order to capture the West Bank. [67], Mounting opposition in Jordan to the peace treaty with Israel led Hussein to put greater restrictions on freedom of speech. [61] Jordan, along with the international community, refused to recognize the Iraqi-installed regime in Kuwait. [67] The King lambasted Netanyahu, with the letter's opening sentence stating: "My distress is genuine and deep over the accumulating tragic actions which you have initiated at the head of the Government of Israel, making peace the worthiest objective of my life appear more and more like a distant elusive mirage. Haalah bint Al Hashim, Omar Mirza, Hussein Haidara bin Hashim . On July 20, 1951, his grandfather, King Abdullah was . [13], The parliament that had been elected in 1954 was dissolved, and Hussein promised fair elections. This biography profiles his childhood, family, rule, reforms, achievements and gives some . [20], The Lebanese, pro-Western government of Camille Chamoun was also threatened to be toppled by growing UAR-supported domestic opposition groups. [64], On 4 November 1995 the Israeli Prime Minister Yitzhak Rabin was assassinated by a Jewish extremist, who aimed to undermine Rabin's peace efforts with the Palestinians. [26] The first direct contacts between Jordan and Israel started in early 1960s; Hussein had a Jewish doctor named Emmanuel Herbert who acted as intermediary between the two nations during Hussein's visits to London. Hussein bin Talal was the King of Jordan for nearly five decades. Abdullah II. [45] The relationship between Jordan and the United States deteriorated when Jordan refused to join the Camp David Accords. [45] On 13 October Jordan joined the war and sent the 40thbrigade to assist the Syrians in the Golan Heights. "[52] West Bank Palestinians deviation from the Jordanian state highlighted the need for a revision in Jordan's policy, and Jordanian nationalists began to argue that Jordan would be better off without the Palestinians and without the West Bank. [55] The Jordanian dinar lost a third of its value in 1988, and Jordan's foreign debt reached a figure double that of its gross national product (GNP). [13] The parliamentary election held on 21 October 1956 saw the National Socialist Party emerge as the largest party, winning 12 seats out of 40 in the House of Representatives. Sensational. [9] A special relationship grew between the two. [14], On 13 April, rioting broke in the Zarqa army barracks and the 21-year-old Hussein went to end the violence between royalist and Arab nationalist army units after the latter group spread rumors that the King had been assassinated. [15] A 3,000-man Syrian force started moving south towards the Jordanian border in support of what they perceived as a coup attempt, but turned around after the army units showed their loyalty to the King. subject named as. [64] The treaty recognized Jordan's role in Jerusalem's holy sites, which angered Arafat who had sought such a position. [50] The accord was opposed by Israel and garnered no international support from either the United States or the Soviet Union. Hussein was born in Amman as the eldest child of . [36] Hussein restarted talks with Israeli representatives throughout 1968 and 1969, but the talks went nowhere Shlaim claims the Israelis stalled and that Hussein refused to cede any West Bank territory. [18] Although he eventually relaxed some of these measures, namely military curfews and severe press censorship, Hussein's moves significantly curtailed the constitutional democracy that existed in Jordan in the mid-1950s. At the time of Hussein's accession in 1953, Jordan was a young nation and controlled the West Bank. [29] The assault inflicted heavy Arab casualties. [50] The relationship between Hussein and Saddam became very close Hussein visited Baghdad 61 times between 1980 and 1990,[50] and Saddam used Hussein to relay messages to several countries, including the US and Britain. [26] The rapprochement with Nasser happened during the 1964 Arab League summit in Cairo, where the Palestine Liberation Army (PLA) and the Palestine Liberation Organization (PLO) were established, and where Jordan agreed to join the United Arab Command. [52] Israeli politicians were stunned, thinking it was a political manoeuvre so that the Palestinians could show support for Hussein, but later realized that it represented a shift in Jordan's policy after Hussein asked his West Bank supporters not to issue petitions demanding that he relent. "[25] But critics considered the slogan mere lip service, saying Hussein showed little interest in the economic situation of the country, unlike the military and foreign relations aspects. "[50], Jordan started a crackdown on the PLO by closing their offices in Amman after the Israeli minister of defense, Yitzhak Rabin, requested it from Hussein in a secret meeting. She is British by birth, but was renamed Muna al-Hussein at the time of the marriage for the sake of Jordanian culture. He inherited a country that was riven with instability, the entire Middle East was in disarray following the 1948 war and the creation of Israel. The second half. Born in 1935, Hussein became king at 18. [35] By 11 June Israel had decisively won the war by capturing the West Bank from Jordan, Gaza and the Sinai from Egypt, and the Golan Heights from Syria. He is not dating anyone. [64] The treaty was a culmination of over 58 secret meetings over 31 years between Hussein and Israeli leaders. [51] Hussein described the summit as one of the best moments in his life. [87] From the very start, Hussein concentrated on building an economic and industrial infrastructure to stimulate the economy and raise the standard of living. [6] Abdullah died, but Hussein survived the assassination attempt and, according to witnesses, pursued the assassin. [34] Based on the misleading information from Cairo, Riad ordered the Jordanian army to take offensive positions and attack Israeli targets around Jerusalem. [67] He went on his knees in front of the families, telling them that the incident was "a crime that is a shame for all of us. [88] UNICEF statistics show that between 1981 and 1991, Jordan had achieved the world's fastest annual rate of decline in infant mortality from 70 deaths per 1,000 births in 1981 to 37 per 1,000 in 1991, a drop of over 47%. [85] He was known to pardon political opponents and dissidents, including those who had attempted to assassinate him. [67] The soldier was determined to be mentally unstable by a Jordanian military tribunal and was sentenced to 20years in prison, which he served entirely. He was then educated at Victoria College in Alexandria, Egypt. Bowen 2003, p.26 (citing Amman Cables 1456, 1457, 11 December 1966, National Security Files (Country File: Middle East), LBJ Library (Austin, Texas), Box 146). Rania is a strong progressive female voice in the Arab world and a powerful. King Hussein I bin Talal I held the following ranks: "King Hussein" redirects here. With a reign that long, it seemed almost inevitable that Hussein made more than a few enemies. It is the courage to meet the adversary, his attitudes and arguments, the courage to face hardships, the courage to bury senseless illusions, the courage to surmount impeding obstacles, the courage to engage in a dialogue to tear down the walls of fear and suspicion. Hussein, who survived dozens of assassination attempts and plots to overthrow him, was the region's longest-reigning leader. According to Biography, Hussein's interest in politics began when he was young. Biography. King Hussein I often publicly expressed his admiration. Because Hussein was only 16 years old at the time, a Regency Council was created to govern him until he reached the age of majority. Hussein of Jordan is a 63 years old Royal Air Force air marshals from Amman. [37], On 17 September the Jordanian army surrounded cities that had a PLO presence, including Amman and Irbid, and began shelling the fedayeen, who had established themselves in Palestinian refugee camps. [23] News of the arrest of the conspiring officers in Jordan coincided with Hussein's visit to the US. In January 1999 King Hussein, whose health was deteriorating, named Abdullah the new heir to the Hashemite crown. H.M. King Abdullah II Ibn Hussein of the Hashemite Kingdom of Jordan; Statements. . [10] In his brief reign, Talal had introduced a modern, somewhat liberal constitution in 1952 that is still in use today. [10] Hussein realized that the Arab nationalist trend had dominated Arab politics, and decided to start downgrading Jordan's relationship with the British. [37] It is believed that Israel had wanted to punish Jordan for its perceived support for the PLO. He is a celebrity world leader. [55] Jordan introduced austerity measures to combat the economic crisis. The CIA introduced King Hussein of Jordan to a Jewish B-list Hollywood actress in 1959 touching off an affair that produced a dwarf love child who later killed her, reports say. He has been married to Queen Rania since June 10, 1993. [25] One involved replacing his nose drops with strong acid. [21] An officer in Jordan was arrested for plotting to assassinate Hussein. [67] Israel's actions during the 1996 Qana massacre in Southern Lebanon, the Likud government's decision to build settlements in East Jerusalem, and the events at the Temple Mount where clashes between Palestinian and Israeli police ensued after Israeli tunnel diggings around the Mount, generated an uproar of criticism for Netanyahu in the Arab World. [57], Despite the fact that the protests were triggered by a troubling economic situation, the crowds' demands became political. [77] Hassan gracefully accepted the King's decision on television, and congratulated his nephew Abdullah on his designation as crown prince. [26] The PLO identified itself as a representative of the Palestinian people, which clashed with Jordan's sovereignty claim over the West Bank.

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